a:syl3851 BIO 385 Physiology
Gerald D. Hess, Ph.D., Instructor Fall, 2001
Office: Jordan 251 4 Credits
Phone: Ext. 2540
This course is designed to introduce students majoring in the sciences to the functional
processes of living organisms. Both comparative and human physiology will receive
consideration in this course.
I. OBJECTIVES
This course is designed to provide students with the following:
1. Knowledge of fundamental physiological principles as applied to cells and
multi-cellular organisms.
2. Greater appreciation of the complex interactions among body systems that
need to be balanced for homeostasis to occur.
3. Experience in using computer-based recording systems and in proper handling
of laboratory materials.
4. Opportunities to do science - read the primary literature of physiology, design
experiments and interpret results.
-Think About This-
"Just as each of us has one body with many members, and these members do not all have the same function, so in Christ we who are many form one body." Romans 12:4-5; NIV
II. TEXTBOOKS and COMPUTER RESOURCES
1. Sherwood, Human Physiology:From Cells to Systems , 4th edition, Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove, CA, 2001
2. Physiology (BIO 385) Laboratory Manual , Messiah College, Fall 2001
3. Wright, Biology Through the Eyes of Faith, Harper & Row, San Francisco, 1989.
4. A.D.A.M. Interactive Physiology - CDs used in classroom and in laboratory
III. CLASSROOM TOPICS (Lecture Topics) - FALL 2001
Date Topics Covered in Class Assignments
August 29 Homeostasis, Feedback Control, Fluid Comptmnts Chp. 1
31 Cell Membrane Structure, Organelle Function Chp. 2
Diffusion & Osmosis Chp. 3
September 3 The Membrane Potential Chp. 3
5 Neurons & Supporting Cells, Action Potentials Chp. 4
7 Synapses & Neurotransmitters Chp. 4
September 10 Structures - Brain & Spinal Cord Chp. 5
12 Sensory Physiology Chp. 6
14 Autonomic Nervous System Chp. 7
September 17 Skeletal Muscle Contraction Chp. 8
19 Cardiac & Smooth Muscle Chp. 8
21 Exam # 1
September 24 Pulmonary & Systemic Circulations, Cardiac Cycle Chp. 9
26 Composition of Blood, Blood Clotting Chp. 11
28 Comparative Physiology of Circulation
October 2 Atherosclerosis, Arrythmias & Lymphatic System Chp. 10
4 Cardiac Output, Capillary Fluid Exchange Chp. 10
6 Blood Flow Regulation, Control of Blood Pressure Chp. 10
October 8 Circulatory Shock, Congestive Heart Failure Chp. 10
10 Exam # 2
12 Respiratory System Structures, Ventilation Chp. 13
Fall Break
October 17 Mechanics of Breathing, Pulmonary Disorders Chp. 13
19 Gas Exchange in Lungs, Regulation of Breathing Chp. 13
October 22 Hemoglobin & Oxygen Transport, CO2 Transport Chp. 13
24 Hormones, Mechanisms of Hormone Action Chp. 18
26 Pituitary Gland/Hormones, Anterior PituitaryCntrl Chp. 18
III. CLASSROOM TOPICS (Lecture Topics) - Continued
Week Topics Covered in Class Assignments
October 29 Adrenal Glands & Stress, Thyroid & Parathyroid Chp. 19
31 Renal Structure, Glomerular Filtration Chp. 14
November 2 Exam # 3
November 5 Salt & Water Regulation, Vasopressin, Renal Failure Chp. 14
7 Aldosterone & Na+/K+ Balance Chp. 15
9 Acid-Base Balance Chp. 15
November 12 Digestion & Absorption, Liver Function Chp. 16
14 Comparative Physiology of Digestion
16 Exocrine Pancreas, Regulation of Intestinal System Chp. 16
November 19 Regulation of Metabolism, Chp. 17
Cellular Respiration (review only) Chp. 2
Thanksgiving Break
November 26 Diabetes Mellitus Chp. 19
28 Endocrine Regulation of Reproduction Chp. 20
30 Male Reproductive System
December 3 Female Reproductive System Chp. 20
5 Placenta & Pregnancy Chp. 20
7 Parturition & Lactation Chp. 20
Final Exam Wednesday, December 12, 2001 at 10:30 AM
IV. LABORATORY SCHEDULE - FALL 2001
Week Topic Lab Manual #
September 3 Osmosis, Tissues 2, 3
September 10 Sensory Physiology, Reflexes & Reaction Time 4, 5
September 17 Vision, Equilibrium 6, 7, 8, 9
September 24 Muscle Contraction & EMG 10
October 1 Skeletal Muscle (frog) 11
October 8 Blood Pressure & Peripheral Circulation 12
Week Topic Lab Manual #
October 15 Fall Break
October 22 Electrocardiograms and Pulse 13
October 29 Blood 14
November 5 Respiratory Parameters 15
November 12 Lab Project
November 19 BMR, Acid-Base Balance 20, 21
November 26 Blood Glucose, Blood Cholesterol 16, 17
December 3 Kidney - Urea Clearance 18
V. LAB ASSIGNMENTS and REPORTS
1. Lab Notebook - total of 15 points
The lab manual is available by clicking 'labs' button on your lab section of Blackboard. Print the appropriate pages before lab and place them in your lab notebook (3 ring binder). Take notes and enter relevant data on the 'lab notes' page provided in the lab manual and place in notebook. Add lab summaries, extended lab reports and library assignments after they have been graded. Lab notebooks will be collected and graded for quality and completeness near the end of the course. Be sure to have a title page and table of contents listing page number for each report.
2. Weekly Lab Summaries - total of 45 points
Each student is to complete a one page lab summary and place it in the designated file folder
before leaving lab. The first section should be completed before coming to lab. The summaries will be graded and returned on a regular basis. Not required when extended lab report is due.
3. Extended Lab Reports - total of 45 points
For one lab in units 1, 2 & 3, the instructor will indicate that an 'extended lab report' is required. This will take the place of weekly summary and is due one week after the lab is completed.
To be written by each student with the following sections (similar to a scientific article): .
a) Literature review (introduction) is based on material in textbook, lab manual and other sources designated by the instructor. It provides background information and introduces the reader to the experiment that follows. (4 pts)
b) Methods will consist of a brief statement that summarizes methods used for the experiment - refer the reader to the lab manual for details. Do not fill your report with step by step details. Do mention significant changes that you made to the procedure or problems encountered. (1 pt)
c) Data/Results section should be uncluttered but informative. Use Tables and Figures to present your data. A title, caption and correct labelling is required for each Table or Figure. In addition, brief written statements will be needed to guide the reader through the data. Do not discuss your results in this section. For 'PowerLab' experiments, include only two or three of your best printout pages - remember to give each one a title, a caption and label the axes. (4 - 5 points)
d) Conclusions should discuss your results. Explain how your data relates to the material in your literature review. Refer to each Figure and Table in your data section as part of the discussion. Show that you understood the physiological principles covered in this experiment. Give adequate time to writing your conclusions since they are an very important part of the report. (4 - 5 points)
e) Reference List should always include your textbook, lab manual plus any other sources referred to in your lab report. (1 pt)
4. Library Assignment - total of 30 points
You are to choose and read an American Journal of Physiology article published in 2001.
a) Choose an article from this journal (no substitutes accepted) that is interesting and understandable. Report due on September 26 is to summarize the authors' work - what question they were asking, why this is an important question. Summarize what they found - in your own words. Begin your report with complete bibliographic information for the article - a photocopy of the article not required for this assignment.
b) Choose and read a second American Journal of Physiology article published in 2001. Report due on October 24 is to include all of the above plus a careful analysis of two different Figures (must be graphs, not pictures) from the article. Attach a photocopy of the article to your report.
5. Group Lab Project - total of 20 points (proposal 5, report 15)
One lab period in November is devoted to a 'lab project' designed and carried out by your group. Equipment, supplies and time availability will guide your choice. A group lab report, similar to the 'extended lab reports' described above will be due the following week. Additional information including some suggestions for lab projects will be provided by the instructor.
VI. GRADING
Requirement Points
Assignments, Homework, Attendance 50
Quizzes 55
Exams (80, 90, 90) 260
Final Exam (comprehensive) 100
Laboratory (lab reports, library & lab notebook) 155
620 total
Information on your grades will be provided by e-mail after each exam. Please inform the instructor promptly of any errors. Final grades will be based on the percentage of total possible points earned in the course.
VII. ADDITONAL INFORMATION
1. This is an animal physiology course - the content will be broader than just human physiology. We are using a human physiology textbook because that topic is of special interest to many students and because there are many excellent human physiology texts that cover the basics of animal physiology.
2. The 'Blackboard' web site will be used to communicate with you on a regular basis.
Check daily for assignments and other information. The syllabus, reading and other assignments, study questions, and laboratory manual are accessible from 'Blackboard'.
3. The textbook is well-organized and very readable. It promotes understanding of basic physiological principles and concepts of physiology rather than memorization of details. Some of the assigned material will not be covered in lecture. You are responsible to read and understand the assignments. Keep up with your study so that you can master concepts rather than cram the night before exams.
4. A.D.A.M. Interactive Physiology CDs will be used for out of class assignments to supplement classroom and textbook materials. Computers in the Physiology Lab (K-208) as well as the lecture room (J-374) can be used for this work.
5. Homework assignments and quizzes will be given to encourage regular study. Exams will test your understanding of textbook, lecture and laboratory material. The final exam will include a comprehensive component.
6. Class participation - responding to the instructor's questions related to homework, reading assignments - is expected. You will receive extra credit points for correct responses. You are encouraged to bring your textbook to class on a regular basis.
7. Late assignments will not receive credit, except in cases of emergency. If you need an extension on a major assignment or need to reschedule an exam, please inform the instructor at least one week in advance. Contact the instructor promptly by phone (X2540) or e-mail (ghess@messiah.edu) to reschedule an exam due to illness or an emergency.
ANY STUDENT with a learning disability or family/work responsibilites that might affect
your academic performance should discuss your situation with Dr. Hess, no later than the
third class meeting, so that appropriate accommodations can be made.